Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço atendidos no setor de oncologia do Hospital de Clínicas e Odontológico da UFU

Abstract

Head and neck cancer is a worldwide public health problem that affects the structures of the oral cavity, larynx, pharynx, upper airways and paranasal sinuses, bones of the stomatognathic system, cervical lymph nodes and thyroid. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of patients with head and neck cancer treated at the oncology sector of the Clinical and Dental Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia. A total of 726 medical records between 2017 and 2021 were analyzed and the collected data were tabulated using the Microsoft Excel program for analysis of absolute and relative frequencies. The analyzes showed that the profile of the patient attended is male (72.7%), over 60 years old (48%), white-skinned (51.5%), married (43.4%), with incomplete elementary school (61.4%), residing in the city of Uberlândia (53.9%), and tobacco (47.9%) and alcohol (34.2%) consumer. The most common histological type was squamous cell carcinoma (78.4%), the most common staging classifications were stage IV (42.7%) and stage III (16.4%), the site most affected by head and neck cancer was the oropharynx (21.3%) and the most used modality of therapy was associated radiotherapy and chemotherapy (23.8%). The filling gaps found suggest the need for standardization of data collection in order to avoid obstacles for the patient's diagnosis. The findings of this study can support the creation of public policies aimed at this profile of patient representative of the region served by the institutions.