Tratamento cirúrgico de fratura mandibular em paciente pediátrico: Caso clínico

Abstract

Facial fractures in children and adolescents have a relatively low incidence, and the small number of clinical trials limits their evaluation. The mandible is the second most affected region in maxillofacial trauma in these patients, and its fractures are classified into four types: greenstick, simple, comminuted, and compound. The objective of this work is to report a case of a 9-year-old patient with a comminuted fracture in the body, angle, and ramus of the mandible, treated by the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology team at the Federal University of Uberlândia. The patient was admitted to the emergency room of the Clinical Hospital due to a facial injury resulting from interpersonal violence with his brother. During the clinical examination, it was identified that the trauma was located in the mandible, without involvement of other body parts and without loss of consciousness. The clinical examination revealed right submandibular edema associated with an abrasion in the region, slight occlusal dystopia, pain, and crepitus in the right mandible. The patient had mixed dentition, and no branch of the facial nerve was affected by the trauma. Computed tomography showed that the patient had a complex fracture in the right mandible involving the body, angle, and right mandibular ramus. The team opted for surgical treatment using 2.0mm titanium plates and screws, which was performed under general anesthesia. The patient has been followed up for 10 months and shows no facial nerve sequelae, satisfactory mouth opening, and a discreet scar in the region.