Avaliação dos efeitos antiparasitários dos compostos químicos sintéticos, RVI30 e RVI33, contra Toxoplasma gondii

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite capable of surpass the placental interface, causing the congenital toxoplasmosis, a disease that causes severe complications to the fetus. The conventional treatment for this condition is the association of sulfadiazine plus pyrimethamine that has harsh side effects, evidencing the need to research about new medicine and therapeutic alternatives to treat this disease. In sight of this, the present study aimed to verify the action of the synthetic compounds, RVI 30 and RVI 33 within the scenario of T. gondii infection in trophoblastic cell lineages. The two composts were tested in human trophoblast lineage BeWo, to evaluate its toxicity through the viability assay. Afterwards, the cells were subjected to the proliferation, invasion and reversibility tests during T. gondii infection, treated with the compounds as the alternative treatment, wherein the results were obtained with colorimetric assays and expressed as percentage in comparison with the no treatment cells or treated with the conventional drugs. By the end of the statistical analyses, the compounds significantly reduced proliferation and invasion of the parasite by a dose-dependent manner, and both RVIs were able to reduce irreversibly the intracellular proliferation of the protozoan. These results conclude that these composts are new possible strategies to control the T. gondii infection in the placental interface cells. In counterpart, it is necessary to investigate the mechanisms triggered by the RVIs, as well as the immune response and possible morphological changes in the structure of the parasites.