Avaliação clínica e nutricional de pacientes oncológicos com diagnóstico de injúria renal aguda e necessidade de diálise

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate clinical and nutritional parameters of oncology patients admitted to the oncology ward with a diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and need for dialysis, as well as their outcome. Method: A cross-sectional analysis of data obtained from medical records was performed. Patients admitted with a diagnosis of cancer and undergoing dialysis in the oncology ward between January 2021 and July 2022 were included. Demographic, clinical, biochemical and nutritional data were collected. The outcomes considered were: recovery from ARF, progression to chronic kidney disease or death. Results: 22 patients underwent dialysis during hospitalization during the period evaluated. Most patients were female, 59.1% were under 60 years of age, and 68.4% had a body mass index >18.5 kg/m². The frequency of prolonged hospital stay was 36.4%. None of the surviving patients had comorbidities, while 42.9% of the patients who died had comorbidities (p=0.051). All patients diagnosed with hematological cancer did not survive. Serum potassium was significantly higher among surviving patients at all three time points. All patients evaluated in the study had anemia. Regarding the outcomes, 13.6% of the patients evolved to CKD, 22.7% recovered renal function and 63.6% evolved to death. Conclusion: Hematological cancer, presence of comorbidities, and lower serum potassium were associated with mortality in cancer patients undergoing dialysis. Most patients evolved to death.