Evolução estelar: uma proposta didática dentro da perspectiva CTSA

Abstract

The National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) places young people as the protagonist of their schooling, and proposes to discuss the diversity of information that surrounds society. In addition, it emphasizes the importance of the historical approach to science, the use of technologies and the active participation of students in the construction of knowledge and critical development in the midst of social issues related to the development of science. Given this, the first chapters of this work will present the laws and bases that manage education in Brazil, a little about the Science, Technology, Society and Environment approach and about the area of Natural Sciences and its Technologies, found in the BNCC. Afterwards, the perspective of some works with the theme Stellar Evolution will be presented. Subsequently, a didactic sequence consisting of eight classes will be proposed. At the beginning of the first class, some questions will be proposed about the origin of the Universe as a way of knowing the students' prior knowledge. These classes will follow a line of reasoning, starting with the history of the evolution of the initial ideas about the Universe, moving on to the formation of stars and their composition until the death of the stars, and finally, the analysis of two reports on the James Webb telescope will be proposed as a way of to analyze the various forms of scientific dissemination. During the classes, some complementary activities on the themes will also be proposed. At the end of the eighth class, a final assessment is proposed with questions about the classes taught and also a self-assessment with more personal questions. It is then concluded that this didactic sequence seeks to facilitate the teaching of the subject through a CTSA perspective that seeks to discuss the process of evolution of stars and the Cosmos and explore the various applications such as stellar nuclear reactions, among others, aiming at scientific literacy of students and the development of their critical base in relation to scientific themes.