Fatores que influenciam nas percepções e atitudes de gestantes e lactantes sobre a vacinação contra a COVID-19: Uma síntese de evidências qualitativas

Abstract

The study aimed to understand the factors that influence the perceptions and attitudes of pregnant and breastfeeding women about vaccination against COVID-19. It was prepared from a synthesis of qualitative evidence of selected articles between the years 2019 and 2023 in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL databases. After checking the eligibility criteria, the articles were screened using Rayyan Qatar, articles were selected after reading the titles and abstracts, and then reading them in full. For data extraction, a form prepared by the authors was used, containing information on year and location, authors, journal, objectives, methods, results and conclusion. Two articles were selected that portrayed the influence of Fake News on the decision-making process of pregnant and breastfeeding women, fear and hesitation regarding the risks of vaccines, and family and professional influence. The influence of untrue information regarding vaccines against COVID-19 and the uncertainty of possible adverse events, intensely publicized during the pandemic, caused the division of opinions between pregnant and lactating women, negatively influencing the acceptance of vaccines. Despite the role that health professionals play in decision-making during pregnancy and the puerperium, their support was considered controversial, possibly due to the limited number of studies. On the other hand, family support was important for decision-making and adherence to the campaign. Situations of insecurity, dissemination of Fake News, family support and professional support directly influence the acceptance or rejection of vaccines. Therefore, strengthening communication strategies between health professionals and the population, conducting new studies focused on this topic and reducing the spread of untrue news are important factors in the process of adherence to vaccines against COVID-19.