Perfil hemogasométrico de equinos submetidos à sedação com detomidina

Abstract

Detomidine hydrochloride is a potent analgesic and sedative, widely used in equine medicine, either for sedation or pre-anesthetic medication. Its main adverse effects are bradycardia, atrioventricular block, reduced cardiac output, hypertension followed by hypotension and, when applied in high doses, it can cause respiratory depression. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of detomidine hydrochloride on acid-base and hydroelectrolyte balance in healthy horses submitted to experimental sedation. Sixteen adult horses, over one year old, were submitted to tests, eight males and eight females, divided into two groups: control (CG) and treated (TG). The CG rreceived, intravenously, saline solution NaCl 0.9% in a single dose of 0.2 ml/100 kg of body weight, and the TG receveid detomidine hydrochloride at a dose of 0.2 ml/100 kg of body weight, also intravenously. Venous blood gas analysis was performed at four different times: before the application (T0) and at the post-application: times T5 minutes, T15 minutes and T120 minutes. In the TG intragroup analysis, an increase in bicarbonate (HCO3-) was observed associated with an increase in base deficit (DB) and blood pH during moments T15 (p=0.01) and T120 (p=0.03) in relative to T0. There was a reduction in the partial pressure of venous oxygen (PvO2) in the TG compared to the CG at moments T5 (p=0.0003) and T15 (p=0006) and in the intragroup analysis of the TG there was a difference between moments T0 and T5 (p=0.001), T0 and T15 (p=0.01); T5 and T120 (p=0.001) and T15 and T120 (p=0.005). Comparing the TG with GC in the analysis of the partial pressure of venous carbon dioxide (PvCO2), a significant increase was observed at moment T15 (p=0.009) and statistically comparing within the TG, a difference was noted between moments T0 and T15 (p =0.001). As for ions, only potassium (K+) showed statistical difference in the intragroup analysis, with a decrease in values between times T0 and T120 (p<0.05). The alterations presented were mild and transitory, without interference in the well-being of the animals and without clinical significance.