Concentração dos focos de calor no aspecto do uso e ocupação do solo: estudo de caso para o município de Uberaba-MG

Abstract

Vegetation fires are pointed out as one of the main damages to biodiversity in environmental systems. In Brazil, the cerrado is one of the biomes most affected by fires, especially in periods of water deficit. The municipality of Uberaba, located in the state of Minas Gerais, is directly affected by the phytophysiognomic characteristics of the cerrado in its plant and animal ecosystem. Hotspot data, obtained through satellite sensors, has been widely used to identify fire occurrence regions. Based on this information, it is possible to highlight the temporal/spatial dynamics of hotspots, being able to estimate their location, date, time, and scope. This work aimed to analyze the spatial behavior of hotspots in the aspect of land use and occupation in the limits of Uberaba, between the years 2010 to 2021, aiming to identify regions and features of land occupation with greater intensity of fire occurrence in the municipality, to avoid fires, manage protected areas, protect crops and animals, among others. To determine the punctual intensity of the hotspots, the Kernel indicator was used, pointing the south, southeast and east regions as a main carrier of density. The study found that hot spots are influenced by land use, occupation, and management, with a higher incidence in agricultural regions.