Participação de TP53 no prognóstico de câncer de mama HER2+ utilizando ferramentas de biologia computacional

Abstract

Cancer is one of the main causes of death in the world and it's a barrier for the increase of life expectancy. However, it can't be treated like a homogenous disease. Breast cancer, the major type of emerging cancer in recent years, presents many different origins and classifcations, being directly influeced in the prognosis of the disease. The TP53 gene is composed of 19,070 nucleotides (ID: 7157) and codes a 393 amino acids protein (ID: AAH03596.1), being described as the guardian of the genome due to it's functions as tumor suppressor. For the gene there are many alterations descibed, mainly in exon 5, 6, 7 and 8, while for the protein the alterations result, generally, in loss of it's function. It is also mentioned the ERBB2 gene, wich is composed of 40,565 nucleotides (ID:2064) and codes a 1,255 amino acid protein (ID: BDG00824.1), being found overexpressed in HER2+ cancer, resulting in the increase of extracelular stimuli capture and cellular proliferation. We can conclude that, although the genes TP53 and ERBB2 don't participate directly in the same cellular sinalization route, as mutations in TP53 entail in a worse prognosis of the breast cancer, given that the hiperstimulated to divide cell (due to the increase in expression of ERBB2), lose it's principal mecanism of cell and DNA integrity control, causing genome instability and acumulation of genome damage over cells generations.