A política de compras governamentais brasileiras de Lula a Temer

Abstract

The government procurement policy is part of fiscal policy and is associated with the purchase of goods and services by the country's public administration. It is an important instrument, whether for the functioning of the public machine or for the provision of public goods and services to society. Furthermore, according to the literature, the government procurement market has an important share of GDP (in Brazil and in the world), in order to create auspicious perspectives from the point of view of promoting development. In this sense, it appears the relevance of studies on the topic of government procurement policy. The objective of this study is to analyze the evolution of the government procurement market between the Lula and Temer governments, in the light of Keynesian and post-Keynesian theories. The Bolsonaro government is not taken into account here, given that so far, it has not ended. The methodology used in this study is based on a literature review and collection and analysis of secondary data, around expenditure (current and capital), as well as expenditure on the acquisition of goods and services by the Union, in the Lula, Dilma and Temer. As for the findings of this dissertation, it can be said that, despite the influence of the new macroeconomic consensus agenda, particularly on Brazilian fiscal policy, with emphasis on the primary surplus and public debt management, the data presented indicate a period (between Lula and Dilma's first term) marked by an increase in spending on the acquisition of goods and services and an expansion in the government purchases/GDP indicator. In fact, during Lula's second term, more precisely after the subprime crisis, counter-cyclical fiscal measures were adopted, such as the exclusion of investments by Petrobras and Eletrobrás from the calculation of the primary surplus, in line with Keynesian and post-Keynesian proposals. Such measures were important to mitigate the impact of the international crisis on the Brazilian economy. However, between the end of the Dilma government and the Temer government, the data presented in this study point to a decline in spending on the acquisition of goods and services by the Union, as well as in the government purchases/GDP indicator. The implementation of this agenda did not bring the expected results in fiscal terms, of recovery of confidence of private agents, nor recovery of the economy. On the contrary, based on the Keynesian and post-Keynesian interpretation, it can be argued that these pro-cyclical measures affected aggregate demand, precisely in a recessive context, so as not to allow this situation to be overcome.