Comportamento das viagens intraurbanas em Araguari: Deslocamentos e indicadores de mobilidade como promotores do transporte ativo

Abstract

The search for a more sustainable urban development is connected to the mobility that a city promotes in space. More than a matter of flows, intra-urban trips directly impact the quality of urban space and the well-being of the population, which presupposes the need to understand the city through displacements to design a more accessible and democratic urban space. The perception of the city based on its accessibility is already an aspect of development plans. However, the failure to consider other factors related to the urban form such as the characteristics of the population and existing demand leads to the adoption of inefficient strategies. Therefore, the perception about mobility in municipalities where the possibility of applying new transport and displacement strategies are facilitated by their scale is necessary since the adoption of strategies that favor active transport can make displacement within cities more egalitarian and healthy. Considering the issues related to means of active transport and intra-urban displacements, the research sought to understand and analyze the trips generated in sectors of the city of Araguari-MG through indicators such as field research and socio-spatial analysis. In this way, three methods of analysis were applied; The Urban mobility index (IMUS), Classification tools for elements needed for active transport infrastructure (ANTP Technical Notebook), and NEWS questionnaire (Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale). The purpose of using three different tools was to analyze the behavior of travel, the morphological issues involved, and the personal perceptions of the residents, seeking to establish an overview that could explain the situation of intra-urban travel and the use of active transport in a technical and interpersonal way, which in this case focused on interpreting the technical results of each area and the population’s perception. The final result showed that both the urban issue and the characterization of travel have positive and negative aspects in the three areas. However, the result obtained through the tools used showed that there is a difference between the aspects mentioned by the residents and those obtained through socio-spatial data. In the end, an overview was obtained that demonstrates that areas where there is easy access, travel, and use of active transport, do not necessarily have better displacements and greater use of active transport, unlike areas where negative aspects were obtained, which in turn time, they are home to greater use of walking, and use of bicycles and public transport due to the social relations present in the choice of modal, which in most of these areas is chosen by necessity and as the only possible way to move. In this way, the research sought to highlight socio-spatial aspects of edge and central areas with a focus on characterizing the trips and the transportation used. The final result brought with it an experience that makes it possible to investigate and propose specific solutions since, within an average city, there are different aspects when it comes to each region. Thus, the consideration of socio-spatial aspects in the condition of intra-urban trips, characterized here by the quality of trips and the possibility of using active transport, showed that only spaces equipped with infrastructure and good urban conditions are not capable of inducing the use of active means of transport as there is a need to have a local and punctual understanding of the population of each area in a city for the development of plans and policies that favor a better quality and accessibility of urban mobility