Uma proposta topológica e operacional para a conexão em corrente contínua de parques eólicos offshore à rede CA onshore

Abstract

The growing advance in the use of renewable energy sources is undeniable, especially when one observes the growing number of wind and photovoltaic installations, as well as the proportional increase in these sources in relation to the global energy matrix. Focusing on wind farms, these can be classified into two configurations: offshore (offshore plants) and onshore (onshore plants). In relation to offshore wind power generation systems, it is worth noting that there is a clear global trend towards the use of this technology. In fact, there are several attractions for wind development in points further away from continental areas, the main one being linked to higher average wind speeds, which can result in 70% more energy generation, when compared to onshore wind power plants. Aiming at making these projects concrete, it is necessary, in addition to the classic components that make up such arrangements, the requirements referring to the transmission networks of the produced energy to the onshore AC networks. These, traditionally, are based on alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) technologies, each with its limitations and attributes. In this scenario, this work contemplates a proposition of a physical, operational and constructive topology for the conversion of energy and a transmission system for the interconnection of offshore wind power plants with onshore AC power grids. Within this scope, the developments herein carried out are focused on presenting a contextualization of the wind generation complexes, a comparative analysis of the systems covered in the present literature and a proposal of a topological and operational strategy, for the proposed purposes, based on the DC power transmission technology. Once the overall physical and control DC arrangement is established, studies are carried out through the computational implementation of the philosophical conception, through a test system developed in the SIMULINK tool of the MATLAB software, in order to illustrate the feasibility and attractiveness of the proposed technology.