Principais escalas motoras utilizadas para avaliação clínica de crianças com Síndrome de Down: revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Down Syndrome (DS) is a genetic disease caused by a chromosomal disorder due to the presence of an additional copy of chromosome 21, in which the affected individual has particular physiological and anatomical characteristics that contribute to delayed motor development. Objective: To carry out a literature review in order to identify the most used motor scales, currently, to evaluate individuals with Down Syndrome (DS). Methodology: A search was made for materials available in the electronic databases Portal da Capes, PubMed, PEDro and Scielo, published in the period of 10 years (2010 to 2020), between the months of May and June 2020. The research also followed inclusion and exclusion criteria. The survey of the database was carried out by a single researcher. Results: At first, 199 articles were selected from the databases. Of these, a total of 4 articles were included in agreement with the selected keywords and meeting the criteria determined for inclusion. In total, seven instruments were identified, namely: Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP), Bayley Scales of Infant Development III (BSID-III), Movement Assessment Battery for Children - 2nd edition (MABC-2), Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration 5th edition (Beery-VMI), Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) and Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS). Conclusion: All motor scales found can be used by researchers and health professionals, however, the most used in children with DS were: PEDI, TIMP, BSID-III, GMFM-88 and PBS, mainly considering the reliability, sensitivity and specificity demonstrated.