Capacidade para o trabalho e presenteísmo sob a ótica da enfermagem

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The proposed theme leads us to reflect on the health and illness conditions of the nursing team in the development of their activities. Work directly influences the health of workers, and the work environment can generate discontent, inducing great physical, mental, and psychological demands on employees, causing them to suffer and become ill. The ability to work changes over the years. It is influenced by working conditions, and individual aspects of each individual, such as lifestyle, socio-demographic and economic aspects. Health workers are the ones who most develop presenteeism, and this is related to the working conditions and hostile environments, in addition to the physical and mental wear that these workers suffer throughout the development of their functions. OBJECTIVES: To identify the Work Ability Index and its relationship with the Presenteeism Rate in nursing workers; characterize the socio economic profile of this population found in Presenteeism; and measure the Work Ability Index of the study population. METHOD: Field study, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical, with a quantitative approach, carried out in the medical clinic ward sector of a university hospital of reference in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, composed of 54 nursing workers: 9 nurses, 36 nursing technicians, and 15 assistant nurses. Data collection was carried out during the months of May and June 2019, using three instruments: socio-demographic questionnaire, Work Ability Index – WAI, and Stanford Presenteeism Scale – 6 (SPS-6). RESULTS: The study showed that most nursing workers have Good and Great WA, this may be related to the fact that they are young adults, have a single job, and work in that sector for a short time. Most of these workers were hired through government public exams and do not have back injuries. Regarding presenteeism, the study showed a predominance of workers who are less affected by presenteeism, with a better performance of their activities, and that of these, most are women, have partners, do not smoke, do not drink, do not practice physical activities, and are were hired through government public exams. The research showed a relationship between a small percentage of nursing technicians who had low work ability and are in low presenteeism (more affected by presenteeism and with reduced performance of their activities). CONCLUSION: By analyzing the work ability and presenteeism rate of these workers, we can contribute to help prevent diseases, maintain and improve the worker's performance when performing their functional and life activities, in addition to impacting on improving the quality of care provided to the sick.