Crescimento urbano e expansão minerária: a dinâmica do comportamento das partículas inaláveis e da temperatura da superfície no perímetro urbano de Paracatu – MG

Abstract

Mining operation, in Brazil and in the world, has influenced local, regional and global socio-spatial and socio-environmental dynamics. Considering the hegemonic practices that highlight the central role of this activity in relation to economic development, this activity is always seen as a strategic activity and of a great technological development. However, what is often unknown is that, although it is an activity characterized by its negative impacts, society has never been more dependent on this economic sector. Therefore, this dissertation chapter aimed to understand how mining appropriation took place in Brazil, in the state of Minas Gerais (MG) and in the municipality of Paracatu, area of study for this work, aiming, in this regard, to understand the controversies due to an extensive discussion about the influence of mining operation on the well-being of its residents, the possible contamination by heavy metals by different routes, the expropriation of traditional communities and, recently, due to its expansion, the residents of the city's peripheral neighborhoods. Therefore, and due to the fact that this activity has been occurring for decades as an open pit minning, approaches that address the monitoring of atmospheric pollution and the behavior of inhalable particles with a diameter less than <10µm (MP10) have been addressed, as well as the current Brazilian legislation and the influence of meteorological parameters for the dispersion of pollutants. Furthermore, considering the scenario of expansion of the mining operation and the urban mesh of the municipality of Paracatu, topics that should be considered in terms of the growth of anthropic activities and their influences were discussed through a literature review on the environment and the well-being of citizens. In this regard, one of the impacts caused by these expansions is the change in the surface temperature of the area. Therefore, when thinking about adequate environmental planning for these locations, it is necessary to have effective environmental monitoring and also the use of geotechnologies in the assessment and evaluation of the territory. Finally, its noteworthy to stress that this study is justified due to the need to offer subsidies to the territorial planning of the municipality of Paracatu - MG, because nothing is known, so far, about the role that its growth played in its surface temperature and very little has been verified in relation to the atmospheric pollution caused by the open mining activity located at the limit of its urban perimeter.