Estudo retrospectivo da parvovirose em cães atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia: 2017 - 2020

Abstract

Canine parvovirus is a viral disease that causes acute cases of highly contagious hemorrhagic gastroenteritis. It is responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality, mainly in dogs under the age of six months. This study aimed to outline the epidemiological and clinical aspects of dogs positive for canine parvovirus diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia, from March 17, 2017 to June 30, 2020. The diagnosis of parvovirus was performed by using a commercial kit for detection of viral antigen by immunochromatography. Of the 128 animals tested, it was observed that 54.69% (n = 70/128) were positive for canine parvovirus, of these 57.15% (n = 40/70) were females and 42.85% (n = 30 / 70) were males. Dogs up to 6 months of age (64.24%; n = 45/70) and mixed breed dogs (38%; n = 25/70) were the most frequently affected. The month with the highest number of animals diagnosed was October, concentrating 24.28% (n = 17/70) of the cases. The clinical sign most reported by the owners was diarrhea (88.57%; 62/70), followed by vomiting (80%; 56/70) and anorexia (67.14%; 47/70). Regarding the vaccination history of animals positive for canine parvovirus, 77.14%% (n = 54/70) did not receive a vaccine or had an incomplete vaccination protocol. Regarding the way of life, only 5.71% (n = 4/70) of the animals had some type of access to the street and 70% (n = 49/70) had contact with other animals. The study made it possible to verify that the canine population most affected by parvovirus was a puppy (up to six months of age), with contact with other animals and with low vaccination coverage, factors that combined with each other increase the chances of the animal developing infectious diseases.