Procedimento de otimização de rotas de inspeção em plantas industriais visando a minimização da dose de ruído

Abstract

This thesis deals with the development of an optimization system to minimize the exposure of inspectors and lubricators to noise. It is known from the literature that continuous exposure to high levels of noise can cause overload in the heart, stress, fatigue and an increase in the number of accidents in a production line. It is necessary to develop acoustic solutions at an industrial level to minimize the occurrence of failures and accidents that can cost lives. The rules that regulate exposure allow an assessment of the degree of exposure and subsequent correction. Thus, the simulation of conditions of occupational exposure to noise was carried out by means of mathematical models implemented to act in a previous manner, minimizing the occurrence of PAIRO (Noise-Induced Hearing Loss). From the values ​​of doses, TWA, Time Weighted Average and distances covered, it is possible to obtain a route in order to minimize exposure and avoid the occurrence of PAIRO by simultaneous optimization. There was a need to balance doses between employees. The Designation Problem was implemented, that is, with the routes obtained, an efficient allocation of employees to tasks was made. Thus, minimized and balanced doses were obtained. This model was applied to a real plant that will not be identified, for reasons of confidentiality. The method used was the PRV - Vehicle Routing Problem implemented through linear programming. After the optimization of the routes, as the doses were above the permitted values, the choice of the noise sources to be treated was optimized and an exposure reduction of approximately 67% was obtained and adequate doses were obtained.