Cálculo de parâmetros de cabos isolados através do método de elementos finitos em três dimensões

Abstract

In this research work, a methodology based on the thee-dimensional finite element method (FEM) is presented, which is capable of calculating the parameters of isolated cables for a wide range of frequencies, including various industrial configurations. Several techniques are implemented in order to make the simulations more efficient in terms of computational cost, thus reducing the time and memory required to complete them. Comsol is the software employed; however, all the suggested strategies are elucidated covering their theoretical concepts, in such a way that other researcher can utilize them in similar programs. Cables installed on perforated and ladder type trays, which are very common installation methods found in the industry, are included in the case studies performed. It should be stressed that such installation methods had not yet been addressed in the literature, due to the intrinsic limitations of the methodologies presented until now, which are restricted to models in two dimensions. A detailed analysis of the influence of the new supports on the cable parameters values, comprising a wide range of frequencies, is developed. In order to achieve the main objectives of this thesis, a theoretical basis regarding the various topics related to the calculation of cable parameters, as well as the basic procedures related to the FEM, is displayed in a simple and didactic way. The results obtained for such parameters can be used in computational cable models in order to study high frequency phenomena, such as electromagnetic transients, harmonic flow, conducted electromagnetic interference and compatibility, among others.