A enfermagem em internações psiquiátricas: da reforma aos dias atuais

Abstract

Objective: Identify nursing skills in psychiatric hospitalizations, considering the reform and the dissolution process of the asylum model. Method: Integrative Literature Review carried out from November / 2019 to March / 2020. The descriptors registered in the DECs - Health Descriptors were used: “Nursing care”, “Psychiatric hospital” and “Humanization of assistance”, published between 2007 and 2018, were revised. Results: After selecting the sample, 14 studies were included in the review, from which four categories emerged: The transition from the care model considering the psychiatric reform; interpersonal relationships and therapeutic communication as nursing care in psychiatric hospitalizations; Multiprofessional team work; Obstacles and resources in mental health nursing practice. Conclusion: The nursing skills in psychiatric hospitalizations as well as the possibilities of action have expanded, overcoming the various restraints and the exclusively biological knowledge. Care modes are reformulated and reinvented, establishing a less invasive and more respectful psychosocial care, which uses the professional's availability and creativity to contribute to the rehabilitation and process of the subject's reintegration into society. Keywords: Nursing care, Psychiatric hospital, Humanization of care.