O ozônio é eficaz na redução da dor, edema e trismo após cirurgia de terceiro molar? Uma meta-análise

Abstract

Extraction of lower third molars is often associated with postoperative complications such as pain, edema and trismus resulting from the inflammatory process.Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ozone therapy in reducing pain, swelling and trismus after extraction of lower third molars. A Systematic Review protocol was submitted to the PROSPERO database. Six electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO, Embase, and Web of Science) were used. OpenGrey and OATD were the bases used to partially capture “gray literature” to minimize selection and publication bias. Only randomized clinical trials were included. The JBI tool was used to assess the risk of bias. A meta-analysis with a random effects model was performed, and the heterogeneity of the studies was evaluated with I² statistics. The GRADE tool was used to assess the quality of evidence and strength of the recommendations across the included studies. The search yielded 3,386 results, of which only 3 articles were eligible. Overall, individuals who received ozone reported lower pain scores compared to the control group (SMD = -2.12; 95% CI: -2.62; -1.61; p < 0.001). Individuals receiving ozone therapy could open their mouths 0.69 mm more than individuals in the control group. The evaluation of edema was divided into two types of measures: the distance from the tragus to the corner of the mouth (T-C) and the distance from the tragus to the pogonion (T-P). For T-C, the intervention group presented edema of 2.34 cm greater than the control group. For T-P, there was no difference between the groups. The present studies present divergent results, although the use of ozone is promising to reduce postoperative pain; in relation to edema and trismus, ozone therapy was not considered effective.