Efeitos da suplementação probiótica no peso e composição corporal de indivíduos com sobrepeso e obesidade: revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is an excessive accumulation of body fat that can directly damage health or be a risk factor for various chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The microbiota of obese individuals has different characteristics from non-obese individuals, and may vary in the number and type of bacterial species and in their proportion. Thus, it is assumed that the use of probiotic supplementation may result in a potential treatment for obesity. Method: Original articles were selected, with a randomized experimental design, carried out on adults with overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg / m2) or obesity (BMI ≥30kg / m2) supplemented with viable probiotics and evaluated their effects on obesity weight loss. The publication should be between 2014 and 2019, and the selection was made by searches carried out in the following bibliographic databases - LILACS, MEDLINE PUB MED, FSTA - Food Science and Technology Abstracts, Food Science Source. Results: The 12 studies presented in this review gathered 1057 individuals. The beneficial effects of probiotics on body weight / BMI which were 6 studies; 8 studies regarding fat mass; percentage of body fat, 4 studies showed reduction; and waist circumference, with a reduction in 6 studies. Conclusion: In this review it was possible to visualize some beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation on obesity and overweight, which is in agreement with previous reviews. Due to the great heterogeneity of the studies carried out with probiotics, making comparison difficult, it is suggested to carry out multicentric studies, where a single protocol occurs.