Condições de saúde, segurança e risco de adoecimento entre trabalhadores terceirizados

Abstract

Objective: To identify the occupational health and safety structure and the risk perception of physical diseases among outsourced workers due to work activities. Method: Descriptive, correlational and quantitative study with data collection conducted in two phases between May and June 2019 through instruments applied to an outsourcing company and its workers who agreed to take part in the research. The workers answered three questionnaires in order to obtain sociodemographic data on health and safety conditions and the risk of diseases due to work activities. After the selection of criteria, 187 workers composed the population. Results: Most workers are female (92%), married or in a consensual marriage (58,3%), with low education (50,3%), working as general assistants (90,9%), with an average of 3,1 years (SD = 2,7) of working time at the company, with an average age of 40,9 (SD = 10,1) and an average monthly net income of 1,058.40 BRL (SD = 148,60 BRL). The Inventory of Work and Risks of Diseases provided the following averages for the following factors: work organization: 2,9 (SD = 0,6) (critical); working conditions: 2.4 (SD = 0,7) (critical); physical cost with workers: 3,9 (SD = 0,6) (serious), and physical injuries in workers: 2,1 (SD = 1,3) (critical). A positive correlation was observed between all the investigated factors: (rs = 0,324; p < 0,001) related to work organization and working conditions factors; (rs = 0,205; p = 0,005) related to work organization and physical injuries in workers factors; (rs = 0,198; p = 0,006) related to work organization and physical cost with workers factors; (rs = 0,148; p = 0,044) related to working conditions and physical cost with workers factors; (rs = 0,349; p < 0,001) related to working conditions and physical injuries in workers factors; and (rs = 0,322; p < 0,001) related to physical injuries in workers and physical cost with workers factors. In the multiple regression analysis, a positive correlation was observed between the working time variable and the physical injuries in workers factor (ß = 0,096; p-value = 0,008) as well as between the general assistant role and the physical cost with workers scores (ß = 0,670; p-value = 0,003). Conclusion: The identification of the health and safety structure of the outsourcing company found out the presence of flaws in the application of legal standards regarding health and safety at work as well as the low effectiveness of accident prevention measures. The participating workers showed a very good insight of the Inventory of Work and Risks of Diseases factors and the environmental conditions to which they are exposed at the workplace during their work activities, resulting in the identification of the presence of risks of work-related diseases and accidents. Keywords: Worker health. Working conditions. Outsourced services. Occupational risks.