Fluxos de investimentos estrangeiros diretos e seus impactos sobre a desigualdade social. Um estudo de caso do Brasil no século XXI.

Abstract

This paper seeks to analyze the impacts that Foreign Direct Investment flows had on the Brazilian productive structure, especially since the 1990s, and its effects on the increase of social inequality in the country. These impacts were analyzed mainly from the structural point of view, in order to show how, when directed towards Brazil, these flows incurred the denationalization of the Brazilian economy, in addition to reinforcing inequality and income concentration through the deindustrialization of the country and the deterioration of the economy. creation of new quality jobs. This deterioration, due to the privilege attributed by the flows to specific sectors of the economy, such as Services. In the economic-productive sphere, it is observed that Foreign Investments were substantially responsible for the denationalization of the Brazilian economy, and furthermore, in the social sphere, it reinforces conditions already set, given the international insertion dependent on the country. Through CEPAL’s structuralist approach, these flows end up reinforcing the country's productive structure by moving to already concentrated sectors. It also correlates the exploitation of the worker, mainly through the reduction of labor rights as well as the scarce job opportunities. Thus, the result is that, as having their own dynamics, Foreign Direct Investment flows are directed to economies and sectors and strategic productive branches for large corporations seeking to satisfy their own interests. Consequently, given this interested behavior, investments are directed to primary, primary processed and service sectors, which do not foster national production with the greatest impact on jobs or higher wages. Thus showing how these flows reinforce the molds of the current economy, not fulfilling any function of social transformation.