Análise comparativa de suportes e estratégias para a imobilização de β-galactosidase visando aplicação industrial

Abstract

The use of enzymes as biocatalysts in industrial processes boosts product yield. However, soluble enzymes are expensive and cannot be reused, so a highly indicated alternative is the enzymatic immobilization technique, which makes the enzyme stable, with a high degree of specificity and suitable for several cycles of use without compromising the desired product. There are several ways to practice this method: physical restraint immobilization, support attachment, and crosslinking in general. However, the immobilization performance is very dependent on the choice of the appropriate support. In this context, the purpose of this Course Completion Work was the contribution to the state of the art regarding the lifting of substrates applied to the immobilization of the β-galactosidase. This enzyme has great prominence in industrial use in several areas, especially in the lactose intolerance market. For this, research was carried out on recent and prominent research in the literature, with application of different materials and combinations of techniques for the support-enzyme set. The studied works were analyzed and compared to each other, considering aspects such as source of the enzyme, preparation and treatment of the support, characteristics of the derivatives, method of immobilization, application of the support, yield, stability. It was concluded that due to the non-existence of a unique way applicable to all enzymes, the possibilities of immobilization-support combinations are endless and that, depending on the expected benefit, the selection of the supports must be made. Therefore, research and surveys in this area of study are promising and necessary.