Eficiência do bloqueio do Nervo Isquiático guiado por ultrassonografia

Abstract

Fractures and traumas caused by trampling occur in large numbers in routine veterinary medicine. A variety of animals are affected under different clinical conditions, among them patients with some anesthetic risk (heart disease, nephropathy, liver disease). Currently surgical and anesthetic techniques have been developed with the aim of promoting better analgesia and good anesthetic plan, aiming at animal welfare. Thus, regional anesthesia becomes an alternative to be used in reconstruction procedures and orthopedic repairs, which require moderate analgesia during trans and postoperative. Four dogs were used; presenting tibial fractures, aged 1-8 years, minimum weight of 3 kg, healthy, distributed in 2 groups containing 2 animals each, being Group 1: animals with perineural anesthesia performed without the use of ultrasonography as a guide, and Group 2: animals that received perineural anesthesia on the sciatic nerve guided by ultrasonography. The animals received routine preoperative preparation, and meperidine (5 mg / kg), and acepromazine (0.05 mg / kg) both intramuscularly, were used as preanesthetic medication and after 15 minutes induction with intravenous propofol (5 mg / kg); followed by maintenance with isoflurane. For the localization of the puncture site he used as reference the line connecting the major trochanter of the femur and the ischial tuberosity, infused solution containing 0.5% bupivacaine at the dose of 0.1 ml / kg in the respective groups guided or not by ultrasonography. In the animals of Group 1 there were moments where there was elevation of RR, HR and MAP together, parameters that correlate with pain, after administration of fentanyl as an anesthetic rescue, and in the animals of Group 2 a fall in MAP was observed, requiring the intervention by administering ephedrine. The animals that performed the ultrasound-guided blockade apparently obtained greater efficiency in blocking the sciatic nerve.