Caracterização epidemiológica da sífilis na gestação em um município do interior do Brasil

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Gestational syphilis is a compulsory notifiable disease according to Ordinance 33 of July 14, 2005. Syphilis in pregnant women who have not been treated or underwent inadequate treatment may lead to vertical transmission or the congenital form where the bacterium is transplacentally transmitted to the concept. OBJECTIVE: To analyze and describe the distribution of notified cases of syphilis during women’s pregnancy in Uberlândia-MG from 2013 to 2018. METHODOLOGY: This is a documentary, retrospective study and a quantitative approach, realized in Uberlândia-MG city, in the Epidemiological Surveillance sector. The population of this study encompasses all pregnant women diagnosed with syphilis, reported in Information System of Notifications Injury (SINAN-net), between 2013 and 2018. Data collection was done from records of reported cases of syphilis in pregnant women that were entered at SINAN-net in Uberlândia. The data were tabulated using the Excel program. RESULTS: During the study period, 669 cases of syphilis were identified in pregnant women: in 2013, 63 (9.4%) cases; in 2014, 88 (13%); in 2015, 101 (15%); in 2016, 96 (14.3%); in 2017, 179 (26.7%) and in 2018, 142 (21.2%). There was a greater geographical concentration of cases in peripheral neighborhoods. A greater number of cases were observed in non-white women (61%), with up to eight years of study (39.3%), with ages ranging from 20 to 30 years. There were more reports of syphilis in pregnant women in the third trimester of gestation, as the clinical classification was the primary one. As for the partners 35.7% did not perform the treatment, there was greater adherence to the treatment by the partner among the women with more years of study. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: There was an increase in cases of syphilis in pregnant women in the last years, the group with the highest risk for development, the one with women of childbearing age between 20 and 30 years of age. It is important to emphasize the importance of the training of the teams, especially nursing, in health education for the appropriate treatment and follow-up to prevent / reduce congenital syphilis.