Promoção à saúde do homem: necessidades, entraves e estratégia de assistência a integral à saúde

Abstract

In 2009, the SUS elaborated the National Program for Comprehensive Health Care for Man, which articulated areas of government, the private sector and civil society, with information and guidance to the male population on the promotion, prevention, treatment and recovery of health, aiming at improving the health conditions of the Brazilian citizen, thus reducing morbidity and mortality. However, there are a number of factors that contribute to the fact that men do not seek health services in Primary Health Care (PHC), among them, the feeling of invulnerability, prejudice towards diagnostic exams, working hours that coincide with the time of the health service, the possibility of not having their health problem solved in one day, among others. In this sense, the objective of this research is to understand the factors that lead the man not to seek services in Primary Health Care, having as a research site the neighborhood Morada Nova, in Uberlândia / MG, and Quilombo Kalunga Mimoso based in the territory of Arraias, in Tocantins. For the accomplishment of the research, the methodology was based on the bibliographical revision on the subject first. Then, an adapted questionnaire was applied, based on the Strengthening of the National Policy for Integral Attention to Man's Health (PNAISH) with the male population in the age group of 20 and 59 years, residing in the territory of the Family Health Unit (USF) of the neighborhood Morada Nova in the city of Uberlândia / MG and Quilombo Kalunga Mimoso, in the district of Arraias / TO. With the research, it can be verified that the male population surveyed, both from Uberlândia / MG and Quilombo / TO have low levels of education, besides being more numerous in the 30 to 49 age group. The USF is the gateway to health services in primary care, and all respondents rely exclusively on SUS to meet their health needs. Man still maintains the feeling of invulnerability, prevention services and health promotion are underutilized by this population in front of it. The search for health services by them is only for the relief of symptoms or through some established aggravation. The man still has prejudice regarding his health, so much that it was recorded that there was a small demand for the prostate examination. The drugs offered by SUS were not enough to satisfy all the health needs of this population. The USF of Morada Nova presented a satisfactory solution to the health of this population, within its proposed complexity. Despite the low demand, the population surveyed is satisfied with the service and services provided by USF. The justifications for refusal to participate in directed health actions of men persist as the same answers already widely published in the literature: "I do not have time", "I have no interest", "work", "I do not know the activities focused on the man in USF "And the" distance from the quilombo to USF ". The male groups expressed their desire for activities exclusively aimed at the male audience at USF. The interaction of health professionals with their public makes it possible for the man to feel free to talk about his health situation with any professional. Even after ten years of increasing the National Health Policy of Man, it still lacks services of promotion and prevention of diseases, and APS services still can not insert man fully in his role of actions. This is a complex subject and we hope that the results of this research can support the organization of health services, planning health actions directed at the male population.