Educação profissional: os descompassos entre a expansão do Instituto Federal e o mercado de trabalho no Piauí

Abstract

This research was carried out in the PhD in Education, from Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Program of the College of Education linked to the Federal University of Uberlândia, in the area of Work, Society and Education, financed by CAPs. It is a historical-critical study of the expansion of the professional secondary education of the IFPI and the relation with the piauiense labor market. The general objective is to analyze the relationship between the expansion of professional education and the job market in Piauí, based on the process of implementation and internalization of the IFPI, during the period from 2008 to 2015. The initial question is: What are the mismatches in the relationship between the process of expanding IFPI's professional education and the demands of the labor market? The information used in this work was qualitative and quantitative, collected through the IFPI and MEC management reports. About the labor market in Piauí, we made a cross - referencing of data from CAGED and PNAD (IBGE) about occupation and unemployment of the young population during the studied period. Content analysis in Bardim (2016) helped us to identify the explanatory categories of the world of work and professional education. The work category takes on centrality and was discussed in the light of Alves (1999), Antunes (2005, 2015), Braverman (1987), Harvey (2011), Marx and Engels (1991, 2011, 2017a, 2017b), Marx (2001, 2010, 2013), Mészáros (2008, 2011). About the relationship between work, education and professional training, we had a dialogue with Ciavatta (1998, 2014, 2015), Frigotto (2009, 2010), Ferretti (1997, 2014), France (2010), Lucena (2004), Keunzer (1986, 1997, 2002, 2007) Previtali (2009), Ramos (2002, 2014) and Saviani (2007, 2009). The discussion about human formation it is all over the text that seeks to understand professional education in the last decades, recognizing its transformations in times of productive restructuring, flexibilization and subordination of education to the productive sector. Professional education assumes a role in the production and reproduction of capitalist social relations. The new cycle of expansion of professional education with Law 11,892/08 expanded the offer of professional training. The implementation followed a voluntarist expansionist policy, based on an imaginary perspective of labor market growth, disconnected from the economic reality of the state of Piauí. According to the thesis that is defend in this paper, there was an imbalance in the relationship between the process of expansion of Professional Education in the IFPI and the labor market of Piauí. The problems are more in the structural determinants and role of the piauiense economy, and less in the internal decisions of the school. The conclusions are aimed at characterizing the subordination of the process of vocational training of young people and workers to the market, changes in training paradigms, training for uncertainty and the constitution of more precarious work. There were no immediate effects on the insertion of graduates in the labor market. In addition, the conditions of the occupied and unoccupied labor force point to a process of precariousness, underutilization and a high rate of unemployment among youth and workers.