Estadiamento clínico e avaliação de metástases em cadelas portadoras de tumor de mama e correlação com sobrevida

Abstract

Mammary tumor is the type of tumor that occurs most frequently in uncastrated bitches. Most of the cases diagnosed are malignant neoplasms and half of these have metastatic features. Knowing that the presence of metastases is an important prognostic factor in bitches with breast neoplasms, the present study aimed to determine the clinical staging of bitches, attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia (HV-UFU), carriers of malignant breast tumors and verify the influence of factors such as the presence of metastases (regional or remote); stage IV and V of the disease and size of distant metastases (pulmonary and / or abdominal) in the survival time of these animals. A total of 91 bitches were selected, wich received veterinary medical attention at HV-UFU between January 2017 and October 2018. Staging was possible through the clinical records of the patients and results of the histopathological, radiographic and ultrasound examinations. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the curve of global survival (GS) and the Log Rank, Breslow and Tarone-Ware tests for comparison of survival curves. According to the TNM classification system, 39.33% (35/89) of the animals had stage I, 17.98% (16/89) stage II, 8.99% (8/89) III, 13.48% ( 12/89) IV and 20.22% (18/89) V. The mean of GS of bitches was 611.494 ± 35.017 days. The mean survival time of the animals that had metastases (regional or distant) was lower in comparison to the animals that had no type of metastasis (p = 0.006). However, there was no difference in GS between the stage IV and V bitches of the disease (p = 0.062). There were also no differences in GS between bitches with distant metastases (in lung and abdominal organs) less than 1.0 cm and greater than 1.0 cm (p = 0.779). Considering only pulmonary metastases, there was no difference in GS between bitches with lung metastases smaller than 1.0 cm and greater than 1.0 cm (p = 0.480). It is concluded that the presence of metastases (regional or distant) in bitches with malignant breast tumor determines a worse prognosis and negatively influences the survival of these animals. However, size of the distant metastases did not influence the survival of bitches with malignant mammary neoplasia.