Associação entre diabetes mellitus insulinodependente e vacinação em cães

Abstract

The inoculation of antigens in the organism aims to produce specific antibodies, however, this can cause adverse events, ranging from the vaccine composition to errors in the immunization process. Several types of adverse reactions caused by excess vaccination are reported, a possible disease is insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which results from the immune-mediated destruction of beta-pancreatic cells. Thus, this study aimed to identify a possible association between vaccination and the development of this disease in dogs. To that end, the clinical and vaccine histories of 20 female dogs with IDDM and 80 control dogs, selected according to disease indications, were obtained and analyzed by means of several statistical methods. This in turn had the purpose of verifying the relationship between IDDM and the other variables studied, as well as to obtain a statistical model to describe the probability of the occurrence of IDDM of these variables. The total number of vaccine doses received by bitches was significantly associated with the development of IDDM (p <0.0001), associated to other known factors such as mixed diets (p <0.042), whole females (p <0.016), and with age greater than 4 years (p <0.005). Within the obtained models, whole females, aged 4 to 10 years, fed with mixed foods (ration and home food) and who had received more than 17 doses of vaccine were 4.2 times more likely to have DM than the general population (Sen75%, Esp75%). Thus, the preliminary results obtained here unpublished, point to a possible involvement of autoimmunity related to vaccination as a factor associated with canine DM, which deserve attention and future research.