Caracterização do infiltrado inflamatório em hemangiomas e hemangiossarcomas cutâneos e viscerais e análise de sobrevida e recidiva tumoral em cães

Abstract

Cutaneous and visceral hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas are proliferations of vascular endothelial cells, with the hemangioma classified as benign and malignant hemangiosarcoma. According to data in other neoplastic types the inflammatory infiltrate of the tumor microenvironment and other factors like cytokines favor or inhibit the tumor progression. Therefore, the objective of this study was to elucidate the participation of the immune system in relation to these neoplasms, establish incidence, prognostic parameters and analysis, and estimates of time and survival. A survey of the cases of hemangioma and hemangiosarcoma in dogs from the animal pathology / HV - UFU laboratory files was carried out within two years (2016 - 2018), which in total gave 84 cases, but for the survival and relapse analysis were used 35 cases. Hemangiosarcoma was more frequent than hemangioma, and the cutaneous form in both neoplasms was the one with the highest incidence. The organ most affected by these neoplasms was the spleen and the mean age of the hemangiomas was 10.12 years and in the hemangiosarcomas 8.72 years, and the black coat was the one with the highest occurrence in the hemangiomas, while in the hemangiosarcomas it was the white one. The highest percentage of inflammatory infiltrate was found in plasma cells in both neoplasms, and the type of infiltrate and intensity had no correlation and statistical difference with relapse and survival (p> 0.05), and the most frequent tumor size was of T2 (1-10 cm), that statistically the tumor size also had no relation with relapse and survival (p> 0.05). In the survival, 50% of the animals analyzed died within 60 days after diagnosis. In the present study, the factors studied did not have a statistical correlation with survival and relapse, demonstrating that for hemangiomas and hemangiosarcoma, these patterns cannot be considered as predictive predictive factors, but the time and the survival estimate were low, evidencing that, in general, the prognosis is unfavorable.