Impactos Socioambientais e Monitoramento de Feição Erosiva no Parque do Goiabal - Município de Ituiutaba/MG

Abstract

The Dr. Petrônio Rodrigues Chaves Municipal Park, popularly known as Goiabal Park, is located in the southern portion of the city of Ituiutaba and is a Municipal Conservation Unit. The park was created in 197.7 but was only inaugurated on May 1, 1986, with the purpose of protecting the exceptional attributes of the nature of the region, fully protect the flora, fauna and other natural resources and be used for educational purposes , Scientific, recreational and tourism. Currently, the Goiabal Park is facing a series of environmental problems, such as: burning, solid waste and garbage disposal, deforestation, suppression of its area, as well as the existence of erosive features at a more advanced stage, the gullies, which threaten their Existence and preservation, in this sense, the main objective of this research was to identify the main environmental or socio-environmental impacts in the area. For the development of this research were used some methodological procedures that will be described next. The theoretical framework was designed to demonstrate the history of the creation of Conservation Units and the laws that govern these protected areas in Brazil, as well as the issues that threaten these spaces, emphasizing the erosive dynamics and features. Subsequently, the physical and socioeconomic characterization of the municipality of Ituiutaba was elaborated, as well as a brief historical survey, aiming to have a collection of information to assist the research. In order to identify the problems that affect the Goiabal Park, several field studies were carried out, which were fundamental for understanding the area. Fieldwork was also indispensable for the execution of the monitoring technique of an erosive feature present inside the park area, where the methodological procedures proposed by Guerra (2009) and Francisco (2008/2011), known Such as "staking" or "erosion pins" in a manner adapted to fit the characteristics of the study area. From the monitoring it was possible to observe that the erosion monitored aspect is increasing its extension and the rates of expansion of its area are related to the average rainfall occurring in the municipality, since, the park is in a shed area and receives part of the Drainage of nearby rainwater due to waterproofing of the soil and a poor drainage system that increase the erosive potential of the rains. Because it is a UC, the Parque do Goiabal should have a buffer zone, where it is necessary to regulate the activities that occur in this area, in order to reduce the impacts on the protected area, which, besides bringing great contributions to the preservation Of nature, can be used in a sustainable manner by society, providing quality of life. In this sense, it is fundamental that actions are taken, mainly by the public power, in view of the preservation of the area, which, from a correct planning, can proportionate even more benefits.