Preparo e caracterização in vitro de filmes de hidrogel de amido reticulado com glicerol visando aplicação em procedimentos regenerativos odontológicos.

Abstract

Periodontal disease often results in damage to the dental insertion apparatus when resective interventions are indicated to interrupt tissue destruction, but these interventions have significant limitations. Regenerative procedures are proposed with the purpose of replace the lost structures in the context of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) techniques and frequently associate bone substitutes with physical barriers aiming at greater longevity and improvement of the aesthetic pattern. This study presents the starch as a biopolymer which gelatinized produces films that suggest its use as a barrier material. Biodegradable cassava starch hydrogel films were prepared incorporating glycerol at concentrations of 0, 15, 20, 30 and 40% aiming its application at dental regenerative procedures , with the objective of studying their viability. The characterization of hydrogel films by microscopy (SEM), thermal analysis (DSC), spectroscopic (UV / Vis., FTIR, XRD), mechanical (Traction), and analysis of protein swelling, degradation and diffusion and physiological temperature) showed that the incorporation of glycerol in up to 20% attributed to the films a plasticizer character and in higher concentrations, conferred a greater interaction of the glycerol (crosslinking) with the starch chains and a degradation time that allows the physical barrier in RTG and ROG. The films presented mechanical resistance, malleability and permissiveness to protein diffusion in the in vitro assays, which meet the current attributes that guide the use of these resources in biomaterials.