Respiração bucal: manifestações bucofaciais e sua relação com a mordida aberta anterior

Abstract

Introduction: Predominant mouth breathing is a multicausal problem. During the growth phase, chronic mouth breathing may negatively influence craniofacial growth and development by altering maxillary, mandibular, facial height, dental arches, and labial and lingual functions.

Objectives: To obtain, through a literature review, the main dentofacial characteristics of patients with predominant mouth breathing, as well as their relationship with the anterior open bite.

Methodology: This study was carried out through a review of the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with predominant mouth breathing, differential diagnosis and therapeutic possibilities of patients with anterior open bite from oral habits related to non-nutritive sucking predominant mouth breathing.

Discussion: The predominant mouth breathing is characterized by the presence of obstacles that impede or hinder the passage of air through the upper airways, the individual will breathe through the mouth and consequently may present changes in the stomatognathic system and impair correct craniofacial growth and development. The anterior open bite is one of the malocclusions with greater aesthetic-functional impairment, besides dental and skeletal alterations. It can develop from several etiological factors, such as mouth breathing and digital suction.

Conclusion: Due to its multi-causality and its various consequences, Predominant Oral Breathing should be diagnosed early and treated by a multiprofessional team.