Aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais da reabilitação de ausências dentárias unitárias

Abstract

Patients with dental absences can undergo different forms of rehabilitation. This case report aims to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different treatments for single rehabilitation. A 52-year-old female patient (R.N.M.S.) had dental elements 36 and 46 rehabilitated. For 46, a three-element splinted metal-ceramic prosthesis (45 and 47 as retainers and pontic in 46) was made and, for 36, an implanted prosthesis, surgically guided, using Grand Morse Helix-Neodent implant with Aqua surface, Munhão Universal and prosthetic crown made in CAD-CAM. Esthetics, comfort, phonetics and masticatory performance were verified in both treatments. The three-element prosthesis had the advantage of not having surgical procedures and had disadvantages like difficulties for hygiene, the need of a greater amount of dental wear as well as a greater number of steps (9 clinical and 5 laboratory stages), resulting in a longer working time (43 hours). The implanted prosthesis presented, as advantages, an easier way to hygiene, a smaller number of steps (5 clinical and 3 laboratory stages) and shorter time to complete the treatment (12 hours) and, as disadvantage, the need for implant installation surgery. It was concluded that, even if implanted prosthesis provides easy hygiene, do not require dental wear for retention and define a shorter and more practical working time, fixed partial prosthesis (FDP) may be preferred by some patients because it does not require surgeries or, in cases of repetitions (presence of an unsatisfactory FDP), it has a lower cost.