Rastreamento da pressão arterial em uma cidade do interior de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a chronic disease, constituted from different etiologies and it is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), causing high economic costs due to complications such as: cerebrovascular disease, coronary artery disease, heart failure, chronic renal failure and vascular diseases of extremities. Statistical data revealed a significant increase in the number of deaths resulting from cardiovascular complications, considered the main causes of mortality, which represents approximately 40% of the world population. In recent years, these data have been considered worrying, which makes this problematic a major public health challenge in our country, since the elevation of blood pressure levels is also present in adolescents which can result in secondary consequences and complications when those become adults. The identification of an early diagnosis of hypertension is a primordial conduct to carry out a prevention program which may contribute to reduce risk factors and thus minimize the development of CVD and its complications. Objective: To track pressure values in the population from Minas Gerais’s countryside. Casuitry and Method: This study is characterized by an exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional, with population-based approach to track blood pressure values, guide risk factors for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases and guide people to look for health care if your blood pressure values are elevated. Results: The study consisted of 68 adult individuals, 34 of the males, mean age of 58 ± 16 years. Among those interviewed, 51.5% claimed to have a family history of cardiovascular diseases, 50% confirmed they had received a medical diagnosis of hypertension and 75% reported receiving treatment for diabetes mellitus type 2. Pressure values for hypertensive individuals (n = 34) were: SBP: 125 ± 20mmHg and DBP: 73 ± 12mmHg. From them, 24 are aged ≥60 years and 10 individuals are aged ≤ 60 years (p = 0.02). The blood pressure values of the population considered to be 'non-hypertensive' were: SBP: 120 ± 16mmHg and DBP: 69 ± 9mmHg. About life habits, 82.4% claimed to practice physical activity. Among the interviewees, 82.4% received orientations about a healthy diet. Conclusion: The mean values obtained in the non-hypertensive population indicate normotension according to the 7th Brazilian Arterial Hypertension Directive.