Cuidados de enfermagem pré cateterismo cardíaco e pós cateterismo cardíaco: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Non-communicable chronic diseases (CDNTs) are the major causes of loss of life quality, with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) being the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, especially those of ischemic origin. Cardiac catheterization, the gold standard exam, is considered the method of choice for examining coronary anatomy, investigating heart disease, and providing information for decision-making and conduction. The aim of this study was to understand nursing care during the pre and post cardiac catheterization phases, as well as care in the prevention of complications. It is a bibliographical research study, having as methodological foundation the six stages proposed by Mendes, Silveira and Galvão (2008), having as inclusion criteria articles published in Portuguese, English and Spanish, available online and in full, through of the Databases BVS-BIREME: Latin American Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Scielo, of the last six years (2011-2017). From the total number of studies found, only six (6) were included in the inclusion criteria, and three (3) categories were built from them to discuss the results: Nursing care in precardiac cardiac catheterization; Nursing care after cardiac catheterization; Nursing care in the prevention of complications. It was concluded that nursing care when performed correctly in the pre and post cardiac catheterization, such as the nursing consultation, help in the control of anxiety, laboratory tests, compressive dressing, vital signs check, identification of risk factors , are indispensable for integral patient care. Regarding the prevention of possible complications, it is fundamental that the nursing team has knowledge of the purpose of the procedure, the benefits, risks and possible complications, in order to establish an individualized care plan to meet the needs of each patient, and minimize the risks of intercurrences.