A abordagem da regra do octeto nos livros didáticos de química aprovados no PNLD 2018

Abstract

In this work a qualitative research of the bibliographic type was carried out to investigate if the chemical textbooks approved by PNLD 2018 use the octet rule when dealing with the contents of chemical bonds and, if they do, what the approach is like. For this, each book was analyzed, where it was possible to identify that the majority makes use of the octet rule, being exclusive only one of the books, which uses concepts related to energy. It is considered that this approach was the right one because it considers such concepts to explain the occurrence of chemical bonds. For the other books in which the octet rule was approached in the content of chemical bonds, the definitions, the historical aspects, the examples, the limitations, the applications and the images used in each work were analyzed. In this analysis, it is verified that the octet rule remains a feature widely used by most authors of textbooks and, consequently, will continue to be used by teachers in Chemistry classes. It is understood that the rule remains an important procedure to predict the valency and formulas of chemical compounds, however it should not be used for memorization or as a single response to the formation, stability and properties of the compounds, disregarding explanations involving variations of energy in the formation of bonds between atoms.