Manutenção preditiva de um centro de usinagem CNC através de análise de vibrações

Abstract

In the industry most of the machines operate from motors, which can present defects and failures during the operation. Such problems can result in downtime and loss of production efficiency, so it is important that the maintenance services know the correct measures to take care of the equipment under their responsibility so that all the interventions made are really necessary and efficient. The use of predictive maintenance has been gaining strength in the current scenario, consisting of the scheduled maintenance of the equipment, based on diagnoses of the operating conditions of the machines, in order to avoid unnecessary breaks and stops. In the accomplishment of the work, a research was carried out on predictive maintenance techniques that can be applied in machines used in the machining process, but specifically in a CNC Machining Center. Subsequently the technique defined for application was the Vibration Analysis, which was done on the machine. The initial goal was to look for natural frequencies which should be avoided to ensure that the machine operates in a stable manner. With the tests, it was possible to observe that there are no natural frequencies in the operating range of the machine, nor with maximum rotation, however other characteristics were obtained, such as the most stable axis and points of instability.