Diversidade geoambiental e potencial de infiltração na bacia do córrego São Pedro, em Uberlândia – MG

Abstract

The occurrence of flood episodes in urban areas is one of the main socio-environmental problems encountered by public managers. With the growth of cities and the need to increase infrastructure, services and the limitations of the physical environment, a need for adequate territorial planning has arisen. The city of Uberlândia has followed this growth of the cities and consequently has these socioenvironmental problems. In view of this, this work has the objective of performing a geoenvironmental characterization of the São Pedro stream basin from the attributes and properties of the physical environment in order to use the soil as a means of infiltrating the rainwater. Together with this objective, it was possible to identify the natural and anthropic factors, as well as the representation of the characteristics of the physical medium, from its attributes in cartographic documents. Finally, it was possible to present a set of geoenvironmental information and of use and occupation that could contribute to the master plan of urban drainage in the basin of São Pedro stream. To achieve these objectives, the methodology of geotechnical and geoenvironmental mapping was used. This is the analytical mapping generating documents that have been elaborated and analyzed individually. This study was based on the inconsolidated materials and the permeability coefficient (k) tests. These are understood as a process of investigation and qualitative- quantitative evaluation of the characteristics of the physical environment by the study of its attributes and its representation in maps. When performing in situ permeability tests with the Guelph permeameter in the area of the São Pedro stream basin, values of k varying between orders of magnitude of 10-4 to 10-5 cm / s were obtained. The infiltration suitability map was not adequate or a little adequate to the infiltration potential in the areas near the channels and at the mouth of the São Pedro Stream in the Uberabinha River. In addition, in the region near the source of São Pedro stream is relatively adequate and moderate infiltration, contributing to the formation of floods in the channel. Already, the center of the Basin presented areas very suitable for infiltration. In the region between the Jataí and Lagoinha streams near the watershed is an area very suitable for infiltration. Another area of this is between the Lagoinha and Mogi stream, which does not have a dense urbanization presented in the geoenvironmental maps significant areas very favorable and favorable to infiltration. These areas are appropriate for the implementation of structural measures. Thus, the possession of these geoenvironmental maps is expected to contribute to territorial planning.