Análise das variáveis de custos de produção de suínos nas regiões Nordeste, Centro-Oeste, Sudeste e Sul do Brasil

Abstract

Given the importance of agribusiness to the national economy, managing the costs of its activities is essential for its proper functioning. In the case of swine production with a relevant participation in national and global agribusiness, it is necessary to know the cost variables with the greatest impact on the total cost of production, since these affect the profitability of producers. The present study aimed to identify and analyze the variables of production costs of pigs with the greatest impact on the total cost in the main producing regions of Brazil between 2006 and 2016. The quantitative approach was used, being characterized in a descriptive research, and using a documentary research for data collection. For the analysis, the Regression technique by the Monte Carlo Simulationwas used, along with Bootstrap resampling. The results of the consolidated regions showed that the variable with the greatest impact on the total cost of pig production is the Manpower and the one with the lowest impact is the Depreciation. This may indicate that swine production in Brazil is a predominantly manual activity. In the region-by-region analysis, the same result was observed, except for the Southeast region, which did not present significant coefficients for these variables, with the highest expenditure beingfeeding. The Northeast region presented the lowest coefficient for the Depreciation variable, indicating a low expenditure on mechanization, which is in fact characteristic of the activity in this region, composed of small properties due to the lack of capital and the low investment in technology.