Grupo Escolar Sul da Sé (1896-1916): uma expressão republicana da urbanização de São Paulo e sua descontinuidade

Abstract

This research presents the outcome of the investigation on the process of urbanization and education in Sao Paulo and its impacts in the Capital's first school group – Sul da Sé School Group. In this matter, the urban context, and the political and administrative dynamics in the city of São Paulo, are analyzed according to republican educational policy conceived, considering the period from the year Sul da Sé School Group was created, 1896, until its de-institutionalization in 1916. This trajectory was studied using historical sources. In order to do so, based on the theoretical-methodological referential, the national, state, local and singular dimensions were dialectically articulated, resulting in an analytical reading of the textual contents, contained: in the messages of the Presidents of Brazil and the State of São Paulo; in records of the City Council of the city of São Paulo; in documents related to the city (letters, communiqués, reports); in the local, state and national legal assistance; in the Statistical Yearbook of Brazil; in the Yearbook of Education of the State of São Paulo; in the legislation and in the documents related to schooling (State inspectors' and school group director's reports, record books, crafts), in newspapers and also in the bibliographical contribution referring to the theme. During this period, the mentioned educational institution faced many discontinuities and turbulent moments, situations that occurred in the city and resounded in the School Group. Those moments that impacted such primary education institution were seized in this study. In addition, the organization of urbanization and of primary school in the State and in the city of São Paulo, were analyzed. It was concluded that, in this course, Sul da Sé School Group effected the educational policy, which was being implemented in the early years of the Republican period, however, this analysis reveals the vagaries in the implementation of legal regulations and in meeting the social demand, pointing the research uniqueness, by identifying the mentioned Primary School and Graduation Institution.