Inserção nas cadeias globais de valor como uma estratégia para o crescimento brasileiro: teoria, modelo e evidências empíricas

Abstract

The new configuration of globalization characterized by the advancement of the Global Value Chains has intensified external competition in layers of the productive process and has made trade relations more complex. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the role of Global Value Chains in the growth of an economy, in particular, the Brazilian economy. In order to do so, we sought to develop a multisector growth model with the incorporation of these chains. The proposal presented represents an unprecedented approach and a methodological contribution in terms of the results to be obtained, and to some extent help in the construction of scenarios that would support the design of more efficient public policies, in order to stimulate strategic sectors of the country. Empirically, models of exports and imports disaggregated for the period 1995 to 2011 were estimated for four sectoral categories of Brazil: Primary Products; Low Technology; Medium-Low Technology and Medium-High and High Technological Intensity. In the empirical exercise, the econometric methodology of panel data was used through GMM System estimation. The results showed that the advance in the CGV can be strategic for the Brazilian growth, when considering the Primary Products and Low Technology Industry sectors. In addition, the evidence also pointed to the export of inputs as the strategy of external commercial insertion with greater contribution to the long-term growth in the sectors of Medium-Low Technology and High Medium and High Technology.