Efeito agudo de diferentes treinamentos intermitentes de alta intensidade : respostas cardiorrespiratórias e neuromusculares na corrida

Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of different ratios of effort and recovery (E:R) high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) with fixed intensity in cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular performance in amateur athlete runners. To this end, 11 men, amateur street runners (25.45 ± 1.25 years; body mass 64.91 ± 2.48, height 1.74 ± 0.03 and 7.09 ± fat percentage 0.62 ) executed in four different days the following tests: incremental test to determine maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), maximum heart rate (HRmáx) and peak speed (Vpeak); and three highintensity intermittent protocols at 110% of Vpeak (forty seconds of effort with forty seconds of recovery [40:40], thirty seconds of effort with thirty seconds of recovery [30:30] and forty seconds of effort with twenty seconds of recovery [40:20]) on different days, with analysis before, after 5 and 10 minutes of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), obtaining also the rate of peak force development (RPFD) with simultaneous recording of electromyographic activity of the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and vastus medialis root mean square values (RMS) and average and median frequency. In addition, during the execution of the protocols, analysis for the protocols of cardiorespiratory variables, maintenance time equal or close to 90% of VO2max (TM90%VO2max); and lactate concentrations before, immediately after, 5 and 10 minutes after each different protocol proposed were quantified. For comparisons between groups in different variables, we used the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures with post-hoc Tukey's test when found interaction between some variable. Throughout the process, we adopted a significance level of 5%. The results pointed to time in exercise and exhaustion different statistically (p < 0.05) for the 30:30 and 40:40 protocol for 40:20 and between 30:30 and 40:40. Lactate concentrations were different at the time after 10 minutes between 40:20 and 30:30 protocol with higher values for the first. The TM90%VO2máx was not different between different TIAI, just when it was taken into account the total exercise time and time to exhaustion, 40:20 showed higher percentages for the other two. The force ratios, the MVCI showed reductions between the post moments 5 and 10 minutes to the different HIIT, without difference statistic between them RPFD was not different between the times for the 40:20 (p > 0.05) and showed a significant difference to the 30:30 in the post 10 minutes time and after five minutes to 40:40. The RMS was different for the different muscle of the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and vastus medialis, between times, but not between protocols. In addition, there was a slight increase of the average frequency and median in increase in the moments after for all protocols, but no difference between HIIT. Based on the study results we can conclude that different ratios of effort and recovery respond similarly in neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory indexes, but with different behavior of the end of the year time for different reasons.