Morfometria dos forames mandibular, mentual e infraorbital de Lobo-guará Chrysocyon brachyurus, Illiger, 1815 aplicada a bloqueios anestésicos

Abstract

CHAPTER II - The Chrysocyon brachyurus is the biggest South American canid which has a high frequency of dental injuries, both in wild and captivity. Thus, veterinary procedures are necessary to preserve the feeding capacity of hundreds of captive specimens worldwide. The aim of this study was to study the mandibular morphometry of maned wolf with emphasis on the establishment of anatomic references to the anesthetic blockage of the inferior alveolar and mental nerves. Therefore, 15 measurements in 22 hemimandibles of C. brachyurus adults were taken. For extra-oral technique of blockage of the inferior alveolar nerve at the level of the mandibular foramen, it is stated that the needle should be advanced, close to the medial surface of the mandibular ramus, by 11.4 mm perpendiculary from the palpable concavity. Alternatively, the needle can be introduced for 30.4 mm from the angular process at 20-25 degrees angle with the ventral margin. For blocking only the mentual nerve, it is recommended the introduction of needle for 10 mm, close to the lateral aspect of the mandibular body, at the level of the lower first premolar. The mandibular foramen showed similars position, size and symmetry in the maned wolfs specimens examined. The comparison of the data with those available for other carnivores reflects the necessity for determining these anatomical references specifically for each species.

CHAPTER III - The Chrysocyon brachyurus canid largest South American, have high frequency of dental injuries both in the wild and in captivity. Thus, veterinary dental procedures are necessary to preserve the power capacity of hundreds of captive specimens kept. The objective was to make a morphometric study of the infraorbitale foramen maned wolf skull with emphasis on the establishment of anatomical references for the anesthetic blockage of infraorbitalis nerve and its branches. Were performed 08 measurements in 11 skulls, the measurements being made in both antimeres (n = 22) C. brachyurus adult male. 28 Correlations between measures in order to establish statistical data were made. For intraoral technique of blocking the infraorbitalis nerve, the hypodermic needle is indicated to be introduced into the oral vestibule, flush with the lateral surface of the jaw bone in the vertical direction between the third and fourth premolars in advancing approximately 10.0mm both antimeres skull ventral to the edge of the infraorbitale foramen. Comparing the data with those available for other carnivores shows the need for determining these benchmarks specifically for the species in question due to lack of literature.