Identificando a ansiedade infantil em crianças acolhidas por meio da aprendizagem mediada: uma proposta de procedimento

Abstract

This is a study that aim to develop a psycho-pedagogical instrument, with playful nature with possibility to evaluate and intervening in cases of child anxiety. To this end, a proposal was help to be undertaken with children from shelter institutions, due to the real chances that they live or have lived anxiety situations. Thirteen children from shelters participated in the research, their age ranging from three to six years old, being nine boys and four girls, three host institutions of two cities in Minas Gerais, upon the prior approval of judges responsible for the Children and Youth courts. The participants were divided into five groups, with at most three and at least two participants, five workshops being held with each group. The instruments used were: narratives of traditional children\'s stories for the establishment of rapport with the children and with themes related to anxiety and finally the application of the proceeding object of this work, entitled: \"Assessment and Intervention for Child Anxiety\". This proceeding consists of forty problem scene cards, which contains possible indicators of anxiety, used by children to tell a story, and thirty overcoming cards used to alleviate the anxiety generated problem card, the latter could be suggested by researcher-mediator or by the child. During all workshops and application of the instrument, five criteria for a good mediation, appointed by the Program Mediational Interventional Sensitizing Caregivers (MISC), were used: Focusing (Intentionality and reciprocity); Transcendence, Mediation of meaning, Mediated feeling of competence; and Mediated regulation of behavior. The workshops were recorded and subsequently transcribed and analyzed. The results obtained showed that the instrument developed appears to be relevant to work with the proposed theme. The findings indicated that the previous experiences of the participants directly influence the perception of the content of the created cards, giving possibility of a proper mediational intervention. Despite of its small proportion, the research enabled some knowledge in this area, which lacks in material for assessment and intervention in childhood anxiety cases, especially with the population studied. Although the data cannot be generalized, it is believed that this is a promising trend of investigation and intervention in childhood anxiety cases, increasingly common in contemporary society. It is recommended that new studies are developed considering other childhood contexts.