Correlação entre prevalência de disfunção temporomandibular, variáveis oclusais, hábitos parafuncionais e tratamento ortodôntico em universitários

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) between students of Federal University of Uberlandia, and correlate this prevalence with occlusal variables, functional habits, and previous orthodontic treatment. After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 201 undergraduates were selected. Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC), was used to classified students into two groups: patients with myofascial pain (G-DM) and / or patients with disc displacement (DD-G). Occlusal analysis considered as morphological variables: overjet, overbite, crossbite and open bite. Discrepancy among retruded contact position (RCP) and maximum intercuspation (MI), and laterotrusive and mediotrusive interferences, posterior interference during protrusion and limitation of mandibular opening were considered functional disorders. Bruxism, clenching and previous orthodontic treatment were considered only by self-report of each patient. Chi-square and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical processing of data. According RDC, 18.4% of students had myofascial pain (G-DM) and 12.4% were classified to the group G-DD. Clenching showed significant associated with TMD, by both statistical tests (p = .000, OR = 4.236). Among the variables oclusal, only overjet presented to correlate with GDM. No association between TMD and functional variables was observed. Logistic regression analysis met possible association between orthodontic treatment and disc displacement with reduction (p =, 008, OR = 15.477). Based on these results, prevalence of TMD in university population was low, and Overjet and clenching were associated with G-DM. Previous orthodontic treatment showed association with G-DD.