Comparação da função mastigatória em portadores de overdenture e prótese parcial removível mandibular

Abstract

One of the functions of teeth is to comminute food. Teeth and/or prosthodontics stability can influence subjects chewing pattern. This study evaluated comparatively the influence of oral rehabilitation type on masticatory performance in terms of number of cycles, masticatory ability, satisfaction and quality of life in adults with different removable restorations. The study involved 25 adults divided into two groups of mandibular rehabilitations: overdenture (PMSIR) and partial denture (RPD) Kennedy Class I, both as antagonist a conventional maxillary denture (PRT). The objective tests of masticatory performance were realized with the artificial test food Optocal. A shore A durometer was used before these tests to monitorate Optocal hardness up to 30 to 35 units. Food was provided in portions of 17 cubes (with sides of 5.6 mm) to test the masticatory performance. The grinding of the food was performed with 40 cycles.Optocal fragments were placed in a column of eight sieves in descending order of openings, ranging from 5.6 mm to 0.5 mm. The amount of artificial food retained in each sieve was measured and the Geometric Diameter Mean (GDM ) of particles obtained. Questionnaires were used to evaluate the ability, satisfaction, and quality of life of patients. The data of objective tests of masticatory performance were analyzed using the Student t test (p <0:05). For subjective tests was used the U-Mann-Whitney test (p <0:05). The values of reduction in percentage of (GDM ) for groups PMSIR and PPR was 27.08% and 18.36% respectively. The results showed masticatory performance similar to the groups, much lower than that natural dentition. Regarding the subjective parameters, the PPR group was more dissatisfied.