Citocinas do fluido sulcular como possíveis ferramentas no diagnóstico precoce da doença peri-implantar

Abstract

Peri-implant sulcus fluid has molecules that may represent biomarkers, allowing peri-implant health evaluation. The aim of this study was to investigate, in partially edentulous patients, the use of IL17 and, classic inflammation related biochemical markers, IL1 / TGF1 / IL10 in early-stage diagnostics of periimplant diseases. In 40 previously selected patients, 6 peri-implant sites of 91 implants were evaluated and classified as healthy, slight inflammation and moderate inflammation in accordance with peri-implant probing depth and gingival index. Data regarding plaque index, clinical attachment loss, suppuration and mobility were also assessed. The peri-implant sulcus fluid was collected using standard paper strips and the levels of IL1, TGF1, IL10 and IL17 were determined by ELISA. The data were analyzed by Kolmogorov- Smirnov, Mann-Whitney test (Dunns post-test) and Spearman correlation. The median levels of TGF1 in healthy group were higher than inflamed group, irrespective of the inflammation degree. In all groups, positive correlation between IL1 and the clinical parameters peri-implant probing depth and clinical attachment loss, and negative correlation between TGF1 and plaque index were observed. In healthy and slight inflammation groups, there was a negative correlation between TGF1 and the parameters probing depth and clinical attachment loss, and a positive correlation between IL1 and plaque index. Only in healthy group, it was observed correlation between IL17 and clinical attachment loss. Correlation between the cytokines was observed with IL1 and IL17, IL1 and IL10 in healthy group; with IL17 and IL10 in slight inflammation group; with IL1 and TGF1 in moderate inflammation group. The cytokines IL10 and IL17 appear to modulate peri-implant inflammation. The significant reduction in the level of TGF1 in the initials stages of peri-implant disease suggests its use as an immunological marker of peri-implant health.