Luta operária e participação popular na Venezuela: estudo sobre a resistência dos trabalhadores - o Paro Petroleiro de dezembro de 2002

Abstract

Workers' struggle and popular participation in Venezuela: a study on the resistance of workers The oil Paro of december 2002. With this title, here is the doctorate thesis that sees this country in successive attempts at civil-military coups in the early twenty-first century, and analyses the direct participation of workers and popular sectors in the struggle for their claims. Venezuela is a country that, with Chavez s possession in the presidency in 1999, is causing many controversies around the world, whether from his supporters who hear from him the need to build socialism or from the bourgeoisie who thought he had erased once this word and its meaning. Thus, both sectors are pitted in broad discussions and direct confrontations inside and outside the country. If, on the one hand, it is good for the working class and the oppressed sectors in general, to redeem the word and the meaning of socialism, on the other, both sectors, pro-Chavez or anti-Chavez, did not understand what socialism is. If in fact, the first group dreams of socialism, it is not with Chavez that they will come to that intent. The second, although critic of Chavez, don t realize that Chavez is a bourgeois hue sui generis. To understand this whole Venezuelan process, specifically in the oil Paro of December 2002, under a broader historical analysis, we include the actions and the roles of the Venezuelan working class and popular sectors in these clashes on the country, which occur since Chavez's rise to power. To this purpose, the beginning of all this social effervescence was emphasized, from the popular uprising in February 1989, known as the Caracazo, to its subsequent unfolding. The main point of all these disputes was the oil Paro in December 2002 at the country's oil producing company, Petróleos de Venezuela Sociedad Anónima - PDVSA. With the country economy paralysis, the plotter bourgeois opposition, along with its allies in the working class, the trade union bureaucracy, tried to bleed the Venezuelan economy, cause a collapse and overthrow Chavez. The prompt arrival on the scene of thousands of workers and popular sectors in direct action and occupation of the company, putting it to work, has undermined the project of the scammer opposition that once again was defeated by the initiative to mobilize the working class and exploited popular sectors that operated identified with the oppressed class. It happened that, in addition to defeating the stroke, these oil workers, supported by popular sectors, had their hands under the control of the second largest company in the world oil production. With this, it was demonstrated in locus that the working class has current conditions to control the production and management of goods produced by it. All this within a bubbly historical process of social struggles, restoring landmarks of socialism, lost in the decades of 1980 and 1990. In this thesis, we seek to understand these social agents, their struggles, claims and experiences, analyzing the germs that allowed the unfolding of this historical process. We highlight the experience of what a society can be and what its workers and exploited sectors can make when, they both mobilized and organized, decide to control the production and distribution of their goods.